Application of Metaverse in Higher Education: A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

Purpose: With the evolving landscape of technology and innovations, Metaverse has revealed a huge potential for changing the world. Gradually, it has expanded its wings to different sectors, including higher education. The key purpose of this research work is to synthesize the existing literature on metaverse in higher education and develop future research directions for researchers.

Design/methodology/approach: The present study uses the “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)” technique to recognize relevant articles from the database i.e. SCOPUS. Furthermore, it conducts a “bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review” to explore the research area of metaverse in higher education.

Findings: The findings reveal that the synthesis and analysis of existing literature led to the identification of an intellectual structure, which resulted in the formation of four clusters. These clusters are defined as attributes related to metaverse applications in higher education, sustainable management of complex learning practices, customization of the teaching-learning process through the metaverse, and model development. The theoretical structure informs the co-word analysis and thematic map, identifying four themes: the basic theme, motor theme, niche theme, and decline theme. Finally, the social structure is assessed in terms of the author's network and collaboration across countries.

Implications: The study investigated the conceptual structure by developing a thematic map and social structure by measuring the relationship between country-author collaboration through bibliographic coupling. The study also identified future research avenues based on the “TCCM (theory, context, characteristics, and methodology)” framework for future researchers and practitioners.
Originality/value: The research study thrives on enlarging the review scope to measure the metaverse's role in higher education. Though bibliometric studies have been developed in the metaverse, no study has attempted to measure the relationship between metaverse in higher education using bibliometric and TCCM framework. Thus, developing a synthesized work provides a comprehensive picture of the research domain.