The snowballing penalty effect: Multiple disadvantage and pay

Journal article

Woodhams, Carol, Lutpon, Ben and Cowling, Marc 2013. The snowballing penalty effect: Multiple disadvantage and pay. British Journal of Management. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12032
AuthorsWoodhams, Carol, Lutpon, Ben and Cowling, Marc
Abstract

This paper makes the case that the current single-axis approach to the diagnosis and
remedy of pay discrimination is inadequate in the case of multiple disadvantage. While
a good deal is known about pay gaps, particularly those affecting women, less is known
about those affecting people in other disadvantaged groups and those in more than one
such group. This analysis of multiple years of pay data, n = 513,000, from a large
UK-based company shows that people with more than one disadvantaged identity suffer
a significantly greater pay penalty than those with a single disadvantage. The data also
suggest that penalties associated with multiple disadvantage exponentially increase. In
other words, disadvantages seem to interact to the detriment of people at ‘intersections’.
The paper considers the implications for policies aimed at reducing pay inequalities.
These currently take a single-axis approach and may be misdirected.

KeywordsPay gaps; Multiple Disadvantages; Glass Ceilings
Year2013
JournalBritish Journal of Management
PublisherWiley
ISSN1467-8551
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.12032
Web address (URL)http://hdl.handle.net/10545/625382
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
hdl:10545/625382
Publication dates26 Jun 2013
Publication process dates
Deposited13 Nov 2020, 16:38
Accepted2013
Rights

Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

ContributorsUniversity of Exeter and Manchester Metropolitan University
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