Anti-predation strategy, growth rate and extinction amongst Pliocene scallops of the US eastern seaboard
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| Authors | Johnson, Andrew L. A., Valentine, Annemarie, Leng, Melanie J., Sloane, Hilary J., Schöne, Bernd R. and Surge, Donna |
|---|---|
| Abstract | Placopecten, Chesapecten and Carolinapecten are scallop (pectinid bivalve) genera occurring in the Pliocene of the US eastern seaboard. The first, present in the area today, is a smooth, streamlined form, adept at escaping predators by swimming (‘flight’ strategy). The other two, which are extinct, are plicate (‘ribbed’) forms. Plication facilitates a ‘resistance’ strategy towards predators which is benefited by large size and high shell thickness - maximally so if these states are achieved early in life. Oxygen isotope profiles show that early ontogenetic extensional growth in Pliocene Placopecten was at the same moderate rate as in modern Placopecten. By contrast, in Chesapecten it was as fast as in the fastest-growing modern scallop (c. 80 mm/annum), and accompanied by development of an unusually thick shell, while in Carolinapecten it was substantially faster still (<150 mm/annum). Rapid growth in Chesapecten and Carolinapecten was probably enabled by high primary productivity, for which there is evidence from sediment composition and the associated biota. The extinction of Chesapecten and Carolinapecten, and the survival of Placopecten, can be attributed to a decline in primary productivity which prevented a maximally effective ‘resistance’ strategy towards predators but had no deleterious impact on a ‘flight’ strategy. |
Placopecten, Chesapecten and Carolinapecten are scallop (pectinid bivalve) genera occurring in the Pliocene of the US eastern seaboard. The first, present in the area today, is a smooth, streamlined form, adept at escaping predators by swimming (‘flight’ strategy). The other two, which are extinct, are plicate (‘ribbed’) forms. Plication facilitates a ‘resistance’ strategy towards predators which is benefited by large size and high shell thickness - maximally so if these states are achieved early in life. Oxygen isotope profiles show that early ontogenetic extensional growth in Pliocene Placopecten was at the same moderate rate as in modern Placopecten. By contrast, in Chesapecten it was as fast as in the fastest-growing modern scallop (c. 80 mm/annum), and accompanied by development | |
| Keywords | Sclerochronology; Growth rate; Bivalve; Pliocene; Extinction |
| Year | 2017 |
| Journal | Geophysical Research Abstracts |
| Publisher | European Geosciences Union |
| Web address (URL) | http://hdl.handle.net/10545/621600 |
| http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ | |
| hdl:10545/621600 | |
| File | File Access Level Open |
| File | File Access Level Open |
| File | File Access Level Open |
| Publication dates | 28 Apr 2017 |
| Publication process dates | |
| Deposited | 10 May 2017, 13:54 |
| Contributors | University of Derby, University of Loughborough, British Geological Survey, University of Mainz and University of North Carolina |
https://repository.derby.ac.uk/item/93946/anti-predation-strategy-growth-rate-and-extinction-amongst-pliocene-scallops-of-the-us-eastern-seaboard
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