Guiding Actions and Expressing Needs: On the Psychological Functions of Values
Journal article
Authors | Gouveia, Valdiney V., Milfont, Taciano L., Correa Vione, K. and Santos, Walberto S. |
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Abstract | Values are often used to examine cultural variability. Yet, little research has focused on the functions that values fulfill and the implications of these functions for understanding cultural variability. This paper describes a theoretical analysis of the functions of values based on 2 widely accepted pan-cultural functions: values guide actions and express needs. The theoretical model proposes that the first function differentiates values according to the goals pursued (personal, central, or social goals), whereas the second function differentiates values according to the needs expressed (survival or thriving needs). A combination of these 2 functions yields 6 basic values (structural hypothesis) with specific marker values (content hypothesis). Support for the hypotheses was obtained in a large convenience national sample (N = 5,176) of Brazilian university students with confirmatory factor analysis and multidimensional scaling. Central values were located between personal and social values, and survival and thriving values separated into 2 regions. Theoretical and cross-cultural implications of the findings, especially the universality of the general structure of motivational aims, are discussed, along with interpretations of existing value scales from a functional perspective |
Los valores se emplean para examinar la variabilidad cultural, pero ha sido escasa la investigación centrada en las funciones de los valores y sus implicaciones para comprender la variabilidad cultural. El artículo analiza teóricamente las funciones de los valores basado en 2 funciones panculturales ampliamente aceptadas: los valores guían acciones y expresan necesidades. El modelo teórico propone que la primera función distingue a los valores según las metas perseguidas (personales, centrales o sociales); la segunda función los diferencia según las necesidades (de supervivencia o crecimiento). La combinación de estas funciones arroja 6 valores básicos (hipótesis estructural) con valores marcadores específicos (hipótesis de contenido). Estas hipótesis fueron apoyadas en una muestra intencionada nacional amplia (N = 5.176) de estudiantes universitarios brasileños, por medio de análisis factorial confirmatorio y escalamiento multidimensional. Los valores centrales se situaron entre los valores personales y sociales y los de supervivencia y de crecimiento se separaron en 2 áreas. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y transculturales de los resultados, especialmente la universalidad de la estructura general de metas motivacionales, junto con interpretaciones de escalas de valores existentes. | |
Keywords | human values; functions; structure; content; Brazil |
Journal | Psykhe (Santiago) |
Journal citation | 24 (2), pp. 1-14 |
Publisher | Escuela de Psicología de la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile |
ISSN | 0717-0297 |
0718-2228 | |
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.24.2.884 |
Web address (URL) | http://dx.doi.org/10.7764/psykhe.24.2.884 |
Output status | Published |
Publication dates | 05 Nov 2015 |
Publication process dates | |
Deposited | 11 Jul 2022 |
https://repository.derby.ac.uk/item/97v8w/guiding-actions-and-expressing-needs-on-the-psychological-functions-of-values
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