The Role of Future Time Perspective, Body Awareness, and Social Connectedness in the Relationship Between Self-efficacy and Resilience

Defined as the successful adaptation to dynamic environments, resilience is considered a
cornerstone of mental health. However, with the underpinnings of resilience not yet fully
understood, this manuscript tests the potential contribution of self-efficacy and
embeddedness on resilience (explored through validated measures of future time perspective,
body awareness, and social connectedness). The convenience sample of 18-to-77-yearold
adults included 297 individuals, ofwhich 36 were men and 171 were female. Participants
completed online surveys composed of fifty-two questions in total, measuring self-efficacy,
resilience, social connectedness, FTP, and body awareness. Resilience was positively related
to self-efficacy, future time perspective, and social connectedness—but not to body
awareness—and self-efficacy was positively associated with indices of embeddedness.
Considering these correlations, and that only self-efficacy significantly predicted resilience,
an exploratory model was proposed to test whether embeddedness directly predicted selfefficacy,
and whether self-efficacy directly predicted resilience. Structural Equation Modelling
suggested a good fit of this model, elucidating the interplay of psychological mechanisms
underlying resilience. Thus, we identify potential variables of interest for clinical
interventions aimed at increasing resilience and self-efficacy. Theoretical implications and
future research are suggested based on these findings.