Comparison of balance changes after inspiratory muscle or Otago exercise training

Journal article


Ferraro, F., Gavin, J. P., Wainwright, T. W. and McConnell, A. K. 2020. Comparison of balance changes after inspiratory muscle or Otago exercise training. PLos ONE. 15 (1), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227379
AuthorsFerraro, F., Gavin, J. P., Wainwright, T. W. and McConnell, A. K.
Abstract

The inspiratory muscles contribute to balance via diaphragmatic contraction and by increasing intra-abdominal pressure. We have shown inspiratory muscle training (IMT) improves dynamic balance significantly with healthy community-dwellers. However, it is not known how the magnitude of balance improvements following IMT compares to that of an established balance program. This study compared the effects of 8-week of IMT for community-dwellers, to 8-week of the Otago exercise program (OEP) for care-residents, on balance and physical performance outcomes. Nineteen healthy community-dwellers (74 ± 4 years) were assigned to self-administered IMT. Eighteen, healthy care-residents (82 ± 4 years) were assigned to instructor-led OEP. The IMT involved 30 breaths twice-daily at ~50% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). The OEP group undertook resistance and mobility exercises for ~60 minutes, twice-weekly. Balance and physical performance were assessed using the mini Balance Evaluation System Test (mini-BEST) and time up and go (TUG). After 8-week, both groups improved balance ability significantly (mini-BEST: IMT by 24 ± 34%; OEP by 34 ± 28%), with no between-group difference. Dynamic balance sub-tasks improved significantly more for the IMT group (P < 0.01), than the OEP group and vice versa for static balance sub-tasks (P = 0.01). The IMT group also improved MIP (by 66 ± 97%), peak inspiratory power (by 31 ± 12%) and TUG (by -11 ± 27%); whereas the OEP did not. IMT and OEP improved balance ability similarly, with IMT eliciting greater improvement in dynamic balance, whilst OEP improved static balance more than IMT. Unlike IMT, the OEP did not provide additional benefits in inspiratory muscle function and TUG performance. Our findings suggest that IMT offers a novel method of improving dynamic balance in older adults, which may be more relevant to function than static balance and potentially a useful adjunct to the OEP in frailty prevention.

Keywordsinspiratory muscles ; diaphragmatic contraction; intra-abdominal pressure
Year2020
JournalPLos ONE
Journal citation15 (1), pp. 1-16
PublisherPLOS ONE
ISSN1932-6203
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227379
Web address (URL)https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0227379
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0227379
Output statusPublished
Publication dates24 Jan 2020
Publication process dates
Accepted17 Dec 2019
Deposited30 Aug 2022
EditorsJoe Robert Nocera
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https://repository.derby.ac.uk/item/98560/comparison-of-balance-changes-after-inspiratory-muscle-or-otago-exercise-training

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