AI-Guided Computing Insights into a Thermostat Monitoring Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
Journal article
Zhang, N., Wood, O., Yang, Z. and Xie, J. 2023. AI-Guided Computing Insights into a Thermostat Monitoring Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Sensors. 23 (9), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23094492
| Authors | Zhang, N., Wood, O., Yang, Z. and Xie, J. |
|---|---|
| Abstract | In any healthcare setting, it is important to monitor and control airflow and ventilation with a thermostat. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations can be carried out to investigate the airflow and heat transfer taking place inside a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In this present study, the NICU is modeled based on the realistic dimensions of a single-patient room in compliance with the appropriate square footage allocated per incubator. The physics of flow in NICU is predicted based on the Navier–Stokes conservation equations for an incompressible flow, according to suitable thermophysical characteristics of the climate. The results show sensible flow structures and heat transfer as expected from any indoor climate with this configuration. Furthermore, machine learning (ML) in an artificial intelligence (AI) model has been adopted to take the important geometric parameter values as input from our CFD settings. The model provides accurate predictions of the thermal performance (i.e., temperature evaluation) associated with that design in real time. Besides the geometric parameters, there are three thermophysical variables of interest: the mass flow rate (i.e., inlet velocity), the heat flux of the radiator (i.e., heat source), and the temperature gradient caused by the convection. These thermophysical variables have significantly recovered the physics of convective flows and enhanced the heat transfer throughout the incubator. Importantly, the AI model is not only trained to improve the turbulence modeling but also to capture the large temperature gradient occurring between the infant and surrounding air. These physics-informed (Pi) computing insights make the AI model more general by reproducing the flow of fluid and heat transfer with high levels of numerical accuracy. It can be concluded that AI can aid in dealing with large datasets such as those produced in NICU, and in turn, ML can identify patterns in data and help with the sensor readings in health care. |
| Keywords | neonatal intensive care unit (NICU); thermostat sensor; computational fluid dynamics (CFD); turbulence modeling; artificial intelligence (AI); machine learning (ML) |
| Year | 2023 |
| Journal | Sensors |
| Journal citation | 23 (9), pp. 1-16 |
| Publisher | MDPI |
| ISSN | 1424-8220 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.3390/s23094492 |
| Web address (URL) | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/9/4492 |
| Accepted author manuscript | License File Access Level Open |
| Publisher's version | License File Access Level Open |
| Output status | Published |
| Publication dates | |
| Online | 05 May 2023 |
| Publication process dates | |
| Accepted | 03 May 2023 |
| Deposited | 11 May 2023 |
Permalink -
https://repository.derby.ac.uk/item/9y7zz/ai-guided-computing-insights-into-a-thermostat-monitoring-neonatal-intensive-care-unit-nicu
Download files
Accepted author manuscript
| Paper_sensors-2023.pdf | ||
| License: CC BY 4.0 | ||
| File access level: Open | ||
Publisher's version
| Paper_sensors-2023.pdf | ||
| License: CC BY 4.0 | ||
| File access level: Open | ||
49
total views13
total downloads1
views this month0
downloads this month
Export as
Related outputs
Phase diagram for nanodroplet impact on solid spheres：From hydrophilic to superhydrophobic surfaces
Liao, M, Liu, Q, Yang, Z., Shateri, A., Hong, W and Xie, F 2024. Phase diagram for nanodroplet impact on solid spheres：From hydrophilic to superhydrophobic surfaces. Physics of Fluids. 36 (9), pp. 1-45. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0228131Use of magnetic fluids in process system for pipe isolations
Emmerson, J. O., Amirali Shateri and Jianfei Xie 2024. Use of magnetic fluids in process system for pipe isolations. Heliyon. 10 (15), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35221Chaos synchronization of two coupled map lattice systems using safe reinforcement learning
Ding, J., Lei, Y., Jianfei Xie and Small, M. 2024. Chaos synchronization of two coupled map lattice systems using safe reinforcement learning. Chaos, Solitons & Fractals. 186, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2024.115241Multi-perspective analysis of adiabatic compressed air energy storage system with cascaded packed bed latent heat storage under variable conditions
Cui, J., Yang, X., Chen, J., Su, H. and Jianfei Xie 2024. Multi-perspective analysis of adiabatic compressed air energy storage system with cascaded packed bed latent heat storage under variable conditions. Energy. 305, pp. 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.132373Enhanced heat transfer and thermal storage performance of molten K2CO3 by ZnO nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study
Ji, C., Yang, X., Ma, Y., Guo, Z. and Jianfei Xie 2024. Enhanced heat transfer and thermal storage performance of molten K2CO3 by ZnO nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 407, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2024.125203Molecular dynamics study on interfacial diffusion characterization of nanoparticle TiO2 and metal Fe in high-temperature molten salt thermal energy storage system
Xueming Yang, Zhijin Guo, Chang Ji, Yongfu Ma and Jianfei Xie 2024. Molecular dynamics study on interfacial diffusion characterization of nanoparticle TiO2 and metal Fe in high-temperature molten salt thermal energy storage system. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 271, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2024.112854Numerical Simulation of the Interaction between a Planar Shock Wave and a Cylindrical Bubble
Onwuegbu, S., Yang, Z. and Xie, J. 2024. Numerical Simulation of the Interaction between a Planar Shock Wave and a Cylindrical Bubble. Modelling. 5 (2), pp. 483-501. https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling5020026Utilizing Artificial intelligence to identify an Optimal Machine learning model for predicting fuel consumption in Diesel engines
Amirali Shateri, Zhiyin Yang and Jianfei Xie 2024. Utilizing Artificial intelligence to identify an Optimal Machine learning model for predicting fuel consumption in Diesel engines. Energy and AI. 16, pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyai.2024.100360Performance comparison of CSP system with different heat transfer and storage fluids at multi-time scales by means of system advisor model
Xueming Yang, Hu Zhao, Ming Zhang, Chang Ji and Jianfei Xie 2024. Performance comparison of CSP system with different heat transfer and storage fluids at multi-time scales by means of system advisor model. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. 269, pp. 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solmat.2024.112765Multi-factor analysis and optimization design of a cascaded packed-bed thermal storage system coupled with adiabatic compressed air energy storage
Xueming Yang, Jie Cui, Yi Li, He Chi and Jianfei Xie 2023. Multi-factor analysis and optimization design of a cascaded packed-bed thermal storage system coupled with adiabatic compressed air energy storage. Energy Conversion and Management. 300, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2023.117961Approaches for describing processes of fuel droplet heating and evaporation in combustion engines
Jianfei Xie 2023. Approaches for describing processes of fuel droplet heating and evaporation in combustion engines. Fuel. 360, pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2023.130465High thermal conductivity of porous graphite/paraffin composite phase change material with 3D porous graphite foam
Xueming Yang, Chunbo Li, YongFu Ma, He Chi, Zongjie Hu and Jianfei Xie 2023. High thermal conductivity of porous graphite/paraffin composite phase change material with 3D porous graphite foam. Chemical Engineering Journal. 473, pp. 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.145364Molecular dynamics study on the kinematic viscosity, density and structure of fuel blends containing n-decane and biofuel compound of ethyl decanoate or ethyl dodecanoate
Xueming Yang, Qiang Liu, Yongfu Ma, Jianfei Xie and Bingyang Cao 2023. Molecular dynamics study on the kinematic viscosity, density and structure of fuel blends containing n-decane and biofuel compound of ethyl decanoate or ethyl dodecanoate. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 379, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121680On wind turbine loading induced by non-uniform approaching flow at high Reynolds numbers
Ahmadi, M. and Yang, Z. 2022. On wind turbine loading induced by non-uniform approaching flow at high Reynolds numbers. Physics of Fluids. 34 (12), p. 125110. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0112671Wake Structure in Yawed Approaching Flows for an Axial-Flow Wind Turbine
Ahmadi, M. and Yang, Z. 2022. Wake Structure in Yawed Approaching Flows for an Axial-Flow Wind Turbine. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4055420Comparison of the Effectiveness of Drag Reduction Devices on a Simplified Truck Model through Numerical Simulation
Charles, T. and Yang, Z. 2022. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Drag Reduction Devices on a Simplified Truck Model through Numerical Simulation. Modelling. 3 (3), pp. 300-313. https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling3030019On loading fluctuations induced by energetic large-scale motions for horizontal axis wind turbines
Ahmadi, M. and Yang, Z. 2022. On loading fluctuations induced by energetic large-scale motions for horizontal axis wind turbines. Physics of Fluids. 34 (7), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0096164Numerical analysis of shock interaction with a spherical bubble
Onwuegbu, S. and Yang, Zhiyin 2022. Numerical analysis of shock interaction with a spherical bubble. AIP Advances. 12 (2), pp. 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0084349
Influence of Yawed Wind Flow on the Blade Forces/Bending Moments and Blade Elastic Torsion for an Axial-Flow Wind Turbine
Ahmadi, Mohammad H. B. and Yang, Zhiyin 2021. Influence of Yawed Wind Flow on the Blade Forces/Bending Moments and Blade Elastic Torsion for an Axial-Flow Wind Turbine. American Society of Mechanical Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-60237Influences of yawed conditions on the wake evolution and recovery of axial flow tidal turbines
Yang, Z. 2021. Influences of yawed conditions on the wake evolution and recovery of axial flow tidal turbines. 14th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference. Plymouth, UK 05 - 09 Sep 2021 Technical Committee of the European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference .On wind turbine power fluctuations induced by large-scale motions
Ahmadi, Mohammad and Yang, Zhiyin 2021. On wind turbine power fluctuations induced by large-scale motions. Applied Energy. 144 (11), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.116945Computational Study of Flow around 2D and 3D Tandem Bluff Bodies
Yang, Z. 2020. Computational Study of Flow around 2D and 3D Tandem Bluff Bodies. Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics. https://doi.org/10.22055/jacm.2020.35159.2583Large Eddy Simulation of the Flow Past a Circular Cylinder at Super-Critical Reynolds Numbers
Yang, Z. 2020. Large Eddy Simulation of the Flow Past a Circular Cylinder at Super-Critical Reynolds Numbers. ASME.Assessment of Drag Reduction Devices Mounted on a Simplified Tractor-Trailer Truck Model
Yang, Z. 2020. Assessment of Drag Reduction Devices Mounted on a Simplified Tractor-Trailer Truck Model. Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics. https://doi.org/10.22055/jacm.2020.34811.2475Computational Analysis of Turbulent Flow over a Bluff Body with Drag Reduction Devices
Yang, Z. 2020. Computational Analysis of Turbulent Flow over a Bluff Body with Drag Reduction Devices. Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics. https://doi.org/10.22055/jacm.2020.32667.2055Numerical study of the coupling between the instantaneous blade loading/power of an axial wind turbine and upstream turbulence at high Reynolds numbers
Ahmadi, Mohammad H.B. and Yang, Zhiyin 2020. Numerical study of the coupling between the instantaneous blade loading/power of an axial wind turbine and upstream turbulence at high Reynolds numbers. Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2020.118167A mean free path approach to the micro/nanochannel gas flows
Xie, Jianfei 2020. A mean free path approach to the micro/nanochannel gas flows. Advances in Aerodynamics. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42774-020-00035-wRelative permeabilities of supercritical CO2 and brine in carbon sequestration by a two-phase lattice Boltzmann method
Xie, Jianfei, He, S., Zu, Y. Q., Lamy-Chappuis, B. and Yardley, B. W. D. 2017. Relative permeabilities of supercritical CO2 and brine in carbon sequestration by a two-phase lattice Boltzmann method. 53 (8), pp. 2637-2649. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-017-2007-6Effect of various surface conditions on nanochannel flows past permeable walls
Xie, Jianfei and Cao, Bing-Yang 2016. Effect of various surface conditions on nanochannel flows past permeable walls. 43 (1), pp. 65-75. https://doi.org/10.1080/08927022.2016.1233547Influence of travelling surface waves on nanofluidic viscosity
Xie, Jianfei and Cao, Bing-Yang 2018. Influence of travelling surface waves on nanofluidic viscosity. 160, pp. 42-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2017.10.022Natural convection of power-law fluids under wall vibrations: A lattice Boltzmann study
Xie, Jianfei 2017. Natural convection of power-law fluids under wall vibrations: A lattice Boltzmann study. 72 (8), pp. 600-627. https://doi.org/10.1080/10407782.2017.1394134A test of the effectiveness of pore scale fluid flow simulations and constitutive equations for modelling the effects of mineral dissolution on rock permeability
Lamy-Chappuis, Benoit, Yardley, Bruce W.D., He, Shuisheng, Zu, Yingqing and Xie, Jianfei 2018. A test of the effectiveness of pore scale fluid flow simulations and constitutive equations for modelling the effects of mineral dissolution on rock permeability. 483, pp. 501-510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2018.03.020Lattce Boltzmann mdoelling of natural convection of power-law fluids under wall vibrations
Xie, Jianfei and Cao, Bing-Yang 2018. Lattce Boltzmann mdoelling of natural convection of power-law fluids under wall vibrations. https://doi.org/10.1615/ihtc16.cov.020599Nanochannel flow past permeable walls via molecular dynamics
Xie, Jianfei and Cao, Bing-Yang 2016. Nanochannel flow past permeable walls via molecular dynamics. 6 (7), p. 075307. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4959022Two approaches to modelling the heating of evaporating droplet
Xie, Jianfei 2014. Two approaches to modelling the heating of evaporating droplet. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2014.08.004Molecular Dynamics Study on Fluid Flow in Nanochannels With Permeable Walls
Xie, Jianfei and Cao, Bing-Yang 2016. Molecular Dynamics Study on Fluid Flow in Nanochannels With Permeable Walls. https://doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2016-6421Numerical analysis of flow in the gap of a simplified tractor-trailer model with cross vortex trap device
charles, terrance, Yang, Zhiyin and Lu, Yiling 2019. Numerical analysis of flow in the gap of a simplified tractor-trailer model with cross vortex trap device. International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3593100The evolution of turbulence characteristics in the wake of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine
Ahmadi, Mohammad H.B. and Yang, Zhiyin 2019. The evolution of turbulence characteristics in the wake of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine. Renewable Energy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.11.092Separated boundary layer transition under pressure gradient in the presence of free-stream turbulence
Li, Huajun and Yang, Zhiyin 2019. Separated boundary layer transition under pressure gradient in the presence of free-stream turbulence. Physics of Fluids. 31 (10), p. 104106. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5122889Effective mean free path and viscosity of confined gases
Xie, Jianfei 2019. Effective mean free path and viscosity of confined gases. Physics of Fluids. 31 (7), p. 072002. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5108627Variation of molecular mean free path in confined geometries
Xie, Jianfei 2019. Variation of molecular mean free path in confined geometries. AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5119594.On bypass transition in separation bubbles: a review
Yang, Zhiyin 2019. On bypass transition in separation bubbles: a review. Propulsion and Power Research. 8 (1), pp. 23-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jppr.2018.12.004On secondary instability of a transitional separation bubble.
Yang, Zhiyin and Abdalla, Ibrahim E. 2018. On secondary instability of a transitional separation bubble. Computers & Fluids. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2018.11.028Secondary instability of separated shear layers.
Yang, Zhiyin 2018. Secondary instability of separated shear layers. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2018.10.007Progress and challenges in large eddy simulation of gas turbine flows
Yang, Z. 2018. Progress and challenges in large eddy simulation of gas turbine flows. Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery.Conjugate heat transfer predictions for subcooled boiling flow in a horizontal channel using a volume-of-fluid framework.
Langari, Mostafa, Yang, Zhiyin, Dunne, Julian F., Jafari, Soheil, Pirault, Jean-Pierre, Long, Chris A. and Thalackottore Jose, Jisjoe 2018. Conjugate heat transfer predictions for subcooled boiling flow in a horizontal channel using a volume-of-fluid framework. Journal of Heat Transfer. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4040358Numerical study of flow over a bluff body with drag reduction devices
Yang, Z. 2018. Numerical study of flow over a bluff body with drag reduction devices.High fidelity numerical simulations of gas turbine flows
Yang, Z. 2018. High fidelity numerical simulations of gas turbine flows. Chinese International Turbomachinery Conference.Control of spray evaporative cooling in automotive IC engines.
Jafari, Soheil, Dunne, Julian F., Langari, Mostafa, Yang, Zhiyin, Pirault, Jean-Pierre, Long, Chris A. and Thalackottore Jose, Jisjoe 2018. Control of spray evaporative cooling in automotive IC engines. Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4039701Multiphase computational fluid dynamics–conjugate heat transfer for spray cooling in the non-boiling regime.
Langari, Mostafa, Yang, Zhiyin, Dunne, Julian F., Jafari, Soheil, Pirault, Jean-Pierre, Long, Chris A. and Jose, JT 2017. Multiphase computational fluid dynamics–conjugate heat transfer for spray cooling in the non-boiling regime. The Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757482X17746921Bypass transition in separated-reattached flows under elevated free-stream turbulence
Yang, Z. 2017. Bypass transition in separated-reattached flows under elevated free-stream turbulence.Impacts of the gap size between two bluff bodies on the flow field within the gap
Yang, Z. 2017. Impacts of the gap size between two bluff bodies on the flow field within the gap. EDAS.A benchmark analysis of subcooled heat transfer in a novel half-cylinder-head for verifying in-vehicle engine evaporative cooling under dynamic conditions
Yang, Z. 2017. A benchmark analysis of subcooled heat transfer in a novel half-cylinder-head for verifying in-vehicle engine evaporative cooling under dynamic conditions.A review of evaporative cooling system concepts for engine thermal management in motor vehicles
Jafari, Soheil, Dunne, Julian F., Langari, Mostafa, Yang, Zhiyin, Pirault, Jean-Pierre, Long, Chris A. and Thalackottore Jose, Jisjoe 2016. A review of evaporative cooling system concepts for engine thermal management in motor vehicles. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407016674606Multi-phase CFD-conjugate heat transfer for spray cooling in the non-boiling regime
M Langari, Yang, Z., JF Dunne, S Jafari, J-P Pirault, CA Long and JT Jose 2017. Multi-phase CFD-conjugate heat transfer for spray cooling in the non-boiling regime. The Journal of Computational Multiphase Flows. Vol 10 (Issue 1), pp. 33 - 42. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757482X17746921A comparative study of separated boundary layer transition on a flat plate with a blunt/semi-circular leading edge
Yang, Zhiyin 2011. A comparative study of separated boundary layer transition on a flat plate with a blunt/semi-circular leading edge. in: World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS).Large-eddy simulation of transition process in separated-reattached flows
Yang, Zhiyin 2011. Large-eddy simulation of transition process in separated-reattached flows. in: WIT Press.On transition process in separated-reattached flows
Langari, Mostafa and Yang, Zhiyin 2010. On transition process in separated-reattached flows. Advances and Applications in Fluid Mechanics.Numerical study of transition process in a separated boundary layer on a flat plate with two different leading edges
Yang, Zhiyin 2012. Numerical study of transition process in a separated boundary layer on a flat plate with two different leading edges. WSEAS Transactions on Applied and Theoretical Mechanics.Assessment of URANS approach for predicting twin impinging jets in a cross-flow
Webb-Martin, S and Yang, Zhiyin 2012. Assessment of URANS approach for predicting twin impinging jets in a cross-flow. Proceedings of the 9 th International Conference on Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics.CFD study of effusion cooling
Yang, Zhiyin and Walton, Matthew 2012. CFD study of effusion cooling. Proceedings of 4 th International Symposium on Jet Propulsion and Power Engineering.A CFD study of twin Impinging jets in a cross-flow
Ostheimer, Daniel and Yang, Zhiyin 2012. A CFD study of twin Impinging jets in a cross-flow. The Open Numerical Methods Journal. https://doi.org/10.2174/1876389801204010024Numerical study of instabilities in separated–reattached flows
Yang, Zhiyin 2013. Numerical study of instabilities in separated–reattached flows. International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements. https://doi.org/10.2495/CMEM-V1-N2-116-131A numerical study of active flow control for low pressure turbine blades
Rohr, Christian and Yang, Zhiyin 2012. A numerical study of active flow control for low pressure turbine blades. ISJPPE 2012 Proceeding of 4th International Symposium on Jet Propulsion and Power Engineering.Large-eddy simulation of transitional flows using a co-located grid
Langari, Mostafa, Yang, Zhiyin and Page, Gary J. 2013. Large-eddy simulation of transitional flows using a co-located grid. International Journal of Computational Fluid Dynamics. https://doi.org/10.1080/10618562.2013.799666Numerical study of the primary instability in a separated boundary layer transition under elevated free-stream turbulence
Langari, Mostafa and Yang, Zhiyin 2013. Numerical study of the primary instability in a separated boundary layer transition under elevated free-stream turbulence. Physics of Fluids. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4816291Large-eddy simulation: a glance at the past, a gaze at the present, a glimpse at the future
Yang, Z. 2014. Large-eddy simulation: a glance at the past, a gaze at the present, a glimpse at the future.Transient performance investigation of different flow-field designs of automotive polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell using computational fluid dynamics
Yang, Z. 2014. Transient performance investigation of different flow-field designs of automotive polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell using computational fluid dynamics. International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer (ICHMT)..Numerical simulation of spray combustion of conventional fuels and biofuels
Alajmi, A.E., Abdalla, I.E., Bengherbia, T. and Yang, Z. 2014. Numerical simulation of spray combustion of conventional fuels and biofuels. WIT Press. https://doi.org/10.2495/afm140281Assessment of unsteady-RANS approach against steady-RANS approach for predicting twin impinging jets in a cross-flow
Yang, Zhiyin 2014. Assessment of unsteady-RANS approach against steady-RANS approach for predicting twin impinging jets in a cross-flow. Cogent Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311916.2014.936995Numerical study of effusion cooling flow and heat transfer
Yang, Z. 2014. Numerical study of effusion cooling flow and heat transfer. International Journal of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements. https://doi.org/10.2495/cmem-v2-n4-331-345Large-eddy simulation: Past, present and the future
Yang, Zhiyin 2015. Large-eddy simulation: Past, present and the future. Chinese Journal of Aeronautics. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2014.12.007