Inducing broadcast coral spawning ex situ: Closed system mesocosm design and husbandry protocol.
Journal article
Craggs, Jamie, Guest, James R., Davis, Michelle, Simmons, Jeremy, Dashti, Ehsan and Sweet, Michael J. 2017. Inducing broadcast coral spawning ex situ: Closed system mesocosm design and husbandry protocol. Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3538
| Authors | Craggs, Jamie, Guest, James R., Davis, Michelle, Simmons, Jeremy, Dashti, Ehsan and Sweet, Michael J. |
|---|---|
| Abstract | For many corals, the timing of broadcast spawning correlates strongly with a number of environmental signals (seasonal temperature, lunar, and diel cycles). Robust experimental studies examining the role of these putative cues in triggering spawning have been lacking until recently because it has not been possible to predictably induce spawning in fully closed artificial mesocosms. Here, we present a closed system mesocosm aquarium design that utilizes microprocessor technology to accurately replicate environmental conditions, including photoperiod, seasonal insolation, lunar cycles, and seasonal temperature from Singapore and the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), Australia. Coupled with appropriate coral husbandry, these mesocosms were successful in inducing, for the first time, broadcast coral spawning in a fully closed artificial ex situ environment. Four Acropora species (A. hyacinthus, A. tenuis, A. millepora, and A. microclados) from two geographical locations, kept for over 1 year, completed full gametogenic cycles ex situ. The percentage of colonies developing oocytes varied from ~29% for A. hyacinthus to 100% for A. millepora and A. microclados. Within the Singapore mesocosm, A. hyacinthus exhibited the closest synchronization to wild spawning, with all four gravid colonies releasing gametes in the same lunar month as wild predicted dates. Spawning within the GBR mesocosm commenced at the predicted wild spawn date but extended over a period of 3 months. Gamete release in relation to the time postsunset for A. hyacinthus, A. millepora, and A. tenuis was consistent with time windows previously described in the wild. Spawn date in relation to full moon, however, was delayed in all species, possibly as a result of external light pollution. The system described here could broaden the number of institutions on a global scale, that can access material for broadcast coral spawning research, providing opportunities for institutions distant from coral reefs to produce large numbers of coral larvae and juveniles for research purposes and reef restoration efforts. |
| Keywords | Corals; Spawning; Lunar cycle; Gametogenic cycle; Photoperiod; Insolation |
| Year | 2017 |
| Journal | Ecology and Evolution |
| Publisher | Wiley |
| ISSN | 20457758 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.3538 |
| Web address (URL) | http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/ece3.3538 |
| hdl:10545/622099 | |
| Output status | Published |
| Publication dates | 15 Nov 2017 |
| Publication process dates | |
| Deposited | 30 Jan 2018, 12:45 |
| Accepted | 16 Sep 2017 |
| Rights | Archived with thanks to Ecology and Evolution |
| Contributors | University of Derby, Horniman Museum and Gardens, Newcastle University, SECORE International, Triton GmbH, Aquatic Research Facility; Environmental Sustainability Research Centre; College of Life and Natural Sciences; University of Derby; Derby UK, School of Natural & Environmental Sciences; Newcastle University; Newcastle upon Tyne UK, Horniman Museum and Gardens; London UK, Horniman Museum and Gardens; London UK, Triton GmbH; Düsseldorf Germany and Aquatic Research Facility; Environmental Sustainability Research Centre; College of Life and Natural Sciences; University of Derby; Derby UK |
| File | File Access Level Open |
| File | File Access Level Restricted |
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Blockley, Alix, Elliott, D., Roberts, Adam and Sweet, Michael J. 2017. Symbiotic microbes from marine invertebrates: Driving a new era of natural product drug discovery. Diversity. 9 (4), pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/d9040049Designer reefs and coral probiotics; great concepts but are they good practice?
Sweet, M., Ramsey, A. and Bulling, M. 2017. Designer reefs and coral probiotics; great concepts but are they good practice? Biodiversity. https://doi.org/10.1080/14888386.2017.1307786Evidence for rapid, tide-related shifts in the microbiome of the coral Coelastrea aspera
Sweet, Michael J., Brown, Barbara E., Dunne, Richard P., Singleton, Ian and Bulling, Mark T. 2017. Evidence for rapid, tide-related shifts in the microbiome of the coral Coelastrea aspera. Coral Reefs. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-017-1572-yThe “resort effect”: Can tourist islands act as refuges for coral reef species?
Charlotte Moritz, Frédéric Ducarme, Sweet, M., Michael D. Fox, Brian Zgliczynski, Nizam Ibrahim, Ahmed Basheer, Kathryn A. Furby, Zachary R. Caldwell, Chiara Pisapia, Gabriel Grimsditch and Ameer Abdulla 2017. The “resort effect”: Can tourist islands act as refuges for coral reef species? Diversity and Distributions. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12627On the importance of the microbiome and pathobiome in coral health and disease
Sweet, M. and Bulling, M. 2017. On the importance of the microbiome and pathobiome in coral health and disease. Frontiers in Marine Sciences. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2017.00009'Yellow Syndrome' in scleractinian corals throughout Bintain District, Kepulauan Riau Province, Indonesia
Johan, O., Budianto, O. and Sweet, M. 2017. 'Yellow Syndrome' in scleractinian corals throughout Bintain District, Kepulauan Riau Province, Indonesia. Indonesia Aquaculture Journal. 12 (1), pp. 37-42. https://doi.org/10.15578/iaj.12.1.2017.37-42Variation in size frequency distribution of coral populations under different fishing pressures in two contrasting locations in the Indian Ocean.
Grimsditch, Gabriel, Pisapia, Chiara, Huck, M., Karisa, Juliet, Obura, David and Sweet, M. 2017. Variation in size frequency distribution of coral populations under different fishing pressures in two contrasting locations in the Indian Ocean. Marine Environmental Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.09.017Juvenile “black teatfish” in Maldives
Sweet, M., Ducarme, F. and Conand, C. 2016. Juvenile “black teatfish” in Maldives. SPC Beche-de-mer Information Bulletin #36. pp. 1-2.Coral responses to anthropogenic stress in the twenty-first century: an ecophysiological perspective
Sweet, M. and Brown B.E. 2016. Coral responses to anthropogenic stress in the twenty-first century: an ecophysiological perspective. in: Oceanography and Marine Biology CRC Press. pp. 271 - 314Is Acropora palmata recovering? A case study in Los Roques National Park, Venezula
Aldo Croquer, Francoise Cavada-Blanco, Ainhoa L Zubillaga, Esteban A Agudo-Adriani and Sweet, M. 2016. Is Acropora palmata recovering? A case study in Los Roques National Park, Venezula. PeerJ. (eCollection 2016). https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1539Baseline reef health surveys at Bangka Island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) reveal new threats
Massimo Ponti, Francesca Fratangeli, Nicolò Dondi, Marco Segre Reinach, Clara Serra and Sweet, M. 2016. Baseline reef health surveys at Bangka Island (North Sulawesi, Indonesia) reveal new threats. PeerJ. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2614The role of viruses in coral health and disease
Sweet, M. and John Bythell 2016. The role of viruses in coral health and disease. Journal of Invertebrate Biology. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2016.12.005Molecular changes in skin pigmented lesions of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus
Adélaïde Lerebours, Emma C Chapman, Sweet, M., Jeanette M Rotchell and Michelle R Heupel 2016. Molecular changes in skin pigmented lesions of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus. Marine Environmental Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.07.009Influence of Resource Availability on the Foraging Strategies of the Triangle Butterflyfish Chaetodon triangulum in the Maldives
Sweet, M. 2016. Influence of Resource Availability on the Foraging Strategies of the Triangle Butterflyfish Chaetodon triangulum in the Maldives. PLos ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151923New disease outbreak affects two dominant sea urchin species associated with Australian temperate reefs
Sweet, M. and Bulling, M. 2016. New disease outbreak affects two dominant sea urchin species associated with Australian temperate reefs. Marine Ecological Progress Series. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps11750A review of ghost gear entanglement amongst marine mammals, reptiles and elasmobranchs
Martin Stelfox, Jillian Hudgins and Sweet, M. 2016. A review of ghost gear entanglement amongst marine mammals, reptiles and elasmobranchs. Marine Pollution Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.034Is Acropora Palmata recovering? A case study in Los Roques National Park, Venezuela
Croquer, Aldo, Cavada-Blanco, Francoise, Zubillaga, Ainhoa L., Agudo-Adriani, Esteban A. and Sweet, Michael J. 2016. Is Acropora Palmata recovering? A case study in Los Roques National Park, Venezuela. PeerJ. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1539Metabolome-mediated biocryomorphic evolution promotes carbon fixation in Greenlandic cryoconite holes
Joseph M Cook, Arwyn Edwards, Bulling, M., Luis A J Mur, Sophie Cook, Jarishma K Gokul, Karen A Cameron, Sweet, M. and Tristram D L Irvine-Fynn 2016. Metabolome-mediated biocryomorphic evolution promotes carbon fixation in Greenlandic cryoconite holes. Environmental Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.1111/1462-2920.13349Coral responses to anthropogenic stress in the 21st Century – An ecophysiological perspective.
Sweet, Michael J. and Brown, Barbara E. 2016. Coral responses to anthropogenic stress in the 21st Century – An ecophysiological perspective. in: Taylor & Francis.Prevalence and Incidence of Black Band Disease of Scleractinian Corals in the Kepulauan Seribu Region of Indonesia
Johan, Ofri, Zamany, Neviaty P., Smith, David and Sweet, M. 2016. Prevalence and Incidence of Black Band Disease of Scleractinian Corals in the Kepulauan Seribu Region of Indonesia. Diversity. https://doi.org/10.3390/d8020011Microbial communities associated with healthy and white syndrome-affected Echinopora lamellose in aquaria and experimental treatment with the antibiotic ampicillin
Smith, D., Leary, P., Craggs, J., Bythell, J. and Sweet, M. 2015. Microbial communities associated with healthy and white syndrome-affected Echinopora lamellose in aquaria and experimental treatment with the antibiotic ampicillin. PLos ONE. 10 (3), pp. 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0121780Identification of a bacterial pathogen associated with Porites white patch syndrome in the Western Indian Ocean
Mathieu G Séré, Pablo Tortosa, Pascale Chabanet, Jean-Pascal Quod, Sweet, M. and Michael H Schleyer 2015. Identification of a bacterial pathogen associated with Porites white patch syndrome in the Western Indian Ocean. Molecular Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13326Ciliate communities consistently associated with coral diseases
Sweet, Michael J. and Séré, Mathieu G. 2015. Ciliate communities consistently associated with coral diseases. Journal of Sea Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.06.008Fostering effective international collaboration for marine science in small island states
Hind, Edward J., Alexander, Steven M., Green, Stephanie J., Kritzer, Jacob P., Sweet, M., Johnson, Ayana Elizabeth, Amargós, Fabian P., Smith, Nicola S. and Angelie M. 2015. Fostering effective international collaboration for marine science in small island states. Frontiers in Marine Science. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2015.00086Geographically conserved rates of background mortality among common reef-building corals in Lhaviyani Atoll, Maldives versus northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia
Sweet, M. 2015. Geographically conserved rates of background mortality among common reef-building corals in Lhaviyani Atoll, Maldives versus northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Marine Biology. 162 (8). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-015-2694-9Diseases in marine invertebrates associated with mariculture and commercial fisheries
Sweet, M. and Kelly S Bateman 2015. Diseases in marine invertebrates associated with mariculture and commercial fisheries. Journal of Sea Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2015.06.016Age-Related Shifts in Bacterial Diversity in a Reef Coral
Alex D Williams, Barbara E Brown, Lalita Putchim and Sweet, M. 2015. Age-Related Shifts in Bacterial Diversity in a Reef Coral. PLos ONE. 10 (2). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144902A novel sponge disease caused by a consortium of micro-organisms
Sweet, M. 2015. A novel sponge disease caused by a consortium of micro-organisms. Coral Reefs. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00338-015-1284-0Baseline coral disease surveys within three marine parks in Sabah, Borneo
Jennifer Miller, Sweet, M., Elizabeth Wood and John Bythell 2015. Baseline coral disease surveys within three marine parks in Sabah, Borneo. PeerJ. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.1391White Syndrome in Acropora muricata: Non-specific bacterial infection and ciliate histophagy
Sweet, M. and Bythell, J. 2015. White Syndrome in Acropora muricata: Non-specific bacterial infection and ciliate histophagy. Molecular Ecology. 24, p. 1150–1159. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.13097The distribution and abundance of black band disease and white syndrome in Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia
Johan, Ofri, Bengen, Dietriech Geoffrey, Zamani, Neviaty Putri, Suharsono and Sweet, M. 2015. The distribution and abundance of black band disease and white syndrome in Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia. Journal of Biosciences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hjb.2015.09.001Soil contamination with silver nanoparticles reduces Bishop pine growth and ectomycorrhizal diversity on pine roots
Sweet, M. and I Singleton 2015. Soil contamination with silver nanoparticles reduces Bishop pine growth and ectomycorrhizal diversity on pine roots. Journal of Nanoparticle Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-015-3246-4A novel investigation of a blister-like syndrome in aquarium Echinopora lamellosa
David Smith, Peter Leary, Mark Bendall, Edmund Flach, Rachel Jones and Sweet, M. 2014. A novel investigation of a blister-like syndrome in aquarium Echinopora lamellosa. PLos ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0097018Experimental antibiotic treatment identifies potential pathogens of white band disease in the endangered Caribbean coral Acropora cervicornis
Sweet, M., A Croquer and J C Bythell 2014. Experimental antibiotic treatment identifies potential pathogens of white band disease in the endangered Caribbean coral Acropora cervicornis. Proc Roy Soc. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0094Decadal environmental ‘memory’ in a reef coral?
Brown B.E., Dunne R.P., Edwards A.J., Sweet, M. and Phongsuwan N. 2014. Decadal environmental ‘memory’ in a reef coral? Marine Biology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-014-2596-2Coral diseases in aquaria and in nature
Sweet, Michael J., Jones, Rachel and Bythell, John C. 2013. Coral diseases in aquaria and in nature. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315411001688Development of bacterial biofilms on artificial corals in comparison to surface-associated microbes of hard corals
Sweet, Michael J., Croquer, Aldo, Bythell, John C. and Lopez-Garcia, Purification 2013. Development of bacterial biofilms on artificial corals in comparison to surface-associated microbes of hard corals. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0021195Characterisation of the bacterial and fungal communities associated with different lesion sizes of Dark Spot Syndrome occurring in the Coral Stephanocoenia intersepta
Sweet, Michael J., Burn, Deborah, Croquer, Aldo, Leary, Peter and Bereswill, Stefan 2013. Characterisation of the bacterial and fungal communities associated with different lesion sizes of Dark Spot Syndrome occurring in the Coral Stephanocoenia intersepta. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0062580Evidence of melanoma in wild marine fish populations
Sweet, Michael J., Kirkham, Nigel, Bendall, Mark, Currey, Leanne, Bythell, John C., Heupel, Michelle and Vartanian, Jean-Pierre 2013. Evidence of melanoma in wild marine fish populations. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041989