Exposure to tobacco, alcohol and ‘Junk food’ content in reality TV programmes broadcast in the UK between August 2019 - 2020.

Journal article


Barker, A., Bal, J., Ruff, L. and Murray,R. 2022. Exposure to tobacco, alcohol and ‘Junk food’ content in reality TV programmes broadcast in the UK between August 2019 - 2020. Journal of Public Health. pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac046
AuthorsBarker, A., Bal, J., Ruff, L. and Murray,R.
Abstract

Exposure to alcohol, tobacco, and foods high in fat sugar or salt (HFSS) content in media is a risk factor for smoking, alcohol use, and HFSS consumption in young people. We report an analysis of tobacco, alcohol, and HFSS content in a sample of reality TV programmes broadcast on TV and video-on-demand (VOD) services throughout a one-year period. We used 1-minute interval coding to quantify content in all episodes of 20 different reality TV programmes between August 2019 – August 2020 and estimated population exposure to a sample of these programmes using viewing data and UK population estimates. We coded 13,244 intervals from 264 episodes. Tobacco content appeared in 227 intervals (2%) across 43 episodes (2%), alcohol in 5167 intervals (39%) across 258 episodes (98%), and HFSS in 1752 intervals (13%) across 234 episodes (88%). A sample of 15 series delivered approximately 157.4 million tobacco, 3.5 billion alcohol, and 1.9 billion HFSS gross impressions to the UK population, including 24 thousand, 12.6 million and 21.4 million, to children respectively. Tobacco, alcohol and HFSS content is common in reality TV programmes. These programmes deliver exposure to tobacco, alcohol, and HFSS imagery, representing a potential driver of tobacco use, alcohol use, and HFSS consumption in young people.

Keywordsalcohol ; food and nutrition ; smoking ; tobacco
Year2022
JournalJournal of Public Health
Journal citationpp. 1-8
PublisherOxford University Press (OUP)
ISSN1741-3850
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac046
Web address (URL)https://academic.oup.com/jpubhealth/advance-article/doi/10.1093/pubmed/fdac046/6580637?login=false
FunderCancer Research UK
Publisher's version
License
File Access Level
Open
Output statusPublished
Publication dates
Online05 May 2022
Publication process dates
Accepted2022
Deposited24 Jun 2022
Permalink -

https://repository.derby.ac.uk/item/973w6/exposure-to-tobacco-alcohol-and-junk-food-content-in-reality-tv-programmes-broadcast-in-the-uk-between-august-2019-2020

Download files


Publisher's version
fdac046.pdf
License: CC BY 4.0
File access level: Open

  • 30
    total views
  • 13
    total downloads
  • 4
    views this month
  • 0
    downloads this month

Export as

Related outputs

A rapid literature review of the effect of alcohol marketing on people with, or at increased risk of, an alcohol problem
Murray, R., Leonardi-Bee, J., Barker, A., Brown, O. and Langley, T. 2024. A rapid literature review of the effect of alcohol marketing on people with, or at increased risk of, an alcohol problem. Alcohol and alcoholism. 59 (4). https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agae045
Tobacco, e-cigarette and alcohol content in popular UK soap operas: a content analysis to explore changes in social norms and scene location over time
Scott, N.J., Murray, R.L., Barker, A.B., Critchlow, N., Best, C. and Semple, S. 2024. Tobacco, e-cigarette and alcohol content in popular UK soap operas: a content analysis to explore changes in social norms and scene location over time. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy. pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2024.2341006
A content analysis of tobacco content in season 1 of ‘And Just Like That’
Alexander B. Barker, Jaspreet Bal, Rachael L. Murray and Barker, A. 2023. A content analysis of tobacco content in season 1 of ‘And Just Like That’. Journal of Public Health. pp. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-023-01975-5
A content analysis of alcohol imagery in season 2 of The Kardashians
Barker, A., Scott, C. and Sharpe, E. 2023. A content analysis of alcohol imagery in season 2 of The Kardashians. Journal of Public Health. pp. 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10389-024-02198-y
Have yourself a ‘merry’ little Christmas: Alcohol adverts and alcohol content within adverts in the run up to Christmas
Barker, A., Thorley, R. and Murray, R.L. 2023. Have yourself a ‘merry’ little Christmas: Alcohol adverts and alcohol content within adverts in the run up to Christmas. Public health in Practice. 6, pp. 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhip.2023.100390
The 1975: Is tobacco promotion through music making a comeback?
Barker, A. 2023. The 1975: Is tobacco promotion through music making a comeback? BMJ Tobacco Control. 32, pp. 271-274. https://doi.org/10.1136/tc-2023-058068
Response to Ofcom Letter (1) – 15/07/2022 & Response to Ofcom Letter (2) – 27/02/2023
Barker, A. and Murray, R.L. 2023. Response to Ofcom Letter (1) – 15/07/2022 & Response to Ofcom Letter (2) – 27/02/2023. Journal of Public Health. pp. 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdad019
The effect of alcohol marketing on people with, or at risk of, an alcohol problem: A rapid literature review
Murray, R.L., Leonardi-Bee, J., Barker, A., Brown, O. and Langley, T. 2022. The effect of alcohol marketing on people with, or at risk of, an alcohol problem: A rapid literature review. Glasgow, Scotland Alcohol Focus Scotland.
REALISING OUR RIGHTS: How to protect people from alcohol marketing
Barker, A. 2022. REALISING OUR RIGHTS: How to protect people from alcohol marketing . Glasgow, Scotland Alcohol Focus Scotland.
The high frequency of alcohol advertising during televised English Premier League football games shown in Ethiopia
Tamire, M., Barker, A., Getachew, S., Murray, R.L., Amedala, R., Britton, J., Deressa, W. and Fogarty, A. 2022. The high frequency of alcohol advertising during televised English Premier League football games shown in Ethiopia. Harm Reduction. 19 (11), pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-022-00591-y
Population exposure to alcohol and junk food advertising during the 2018 FIFA world cup: implications for public health
Allayed, K., Murray, R.L., Britton, J. and Barker, A. 2022. Population exposure to alcohol and junk food advertising during the 2018 FIFA world cup: implications for public health. BMC Public Health. 22 (908), pp. 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13233-6
Impact of Smoking and Vaping in Films on Smoking and Vaping Uptake in Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hassanein, Z., Barker, A., Murray, R., Britton, J., Agrawal, S. and Leonardi-Bee, J. 2022. Impact of Smoking and Vaping in Films on Smoking and Vaping Uptake in Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Health Education & Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1177/10901981221086944
Reducing the harm from alcohol – by regulating cross-border alcohol marketing, advertising and promotion: a technical report
Barker, A. 2022. Reducing the harm from alcohol – by regulating cross-border alcohol marketing, advertising and promotion: a technical report. Geneva World Health Organization.
A content analysis of ‘junk food’ content in children’s TV programmes: a comparison of UK broadcast TV and video-on-demand services
Alexander B Barker, Megan Parkin, Shreesh Sinha, Emma Wilson, Rachael L Murray and Barker, A. 2022. A content analysis of ‘junk food’ content in children’s TV programmes: a comparison of UK broadcast TV and video-on-demand services. Journal of Public Health. pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdac067
Content analysis of Netflix and Amazon Prime Instant Video original films in the UK for alcohol, tobacco and junk food imagery
Alfayad, K., Murray, R.L., Britton, J. and Barker, A. 2021. Content analysis of Netflix and Amazon Prime Instant Video original films in the UK for alcohol, tobacco and junk food imagery. Journal of Public Health. pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdab022
Smoking and health 2021: A coming of age for tobacco control?
Barker, A. 2021. Smoking and health 2021: A coming of age for tobacco control? London Royal College of Physicians.
A content analysis and population exposure estimate of Guinness branded alcohol marketing during the 2019 Guinness Six Nations
Barker, A., Bal, J. and Murray, R.L. 2021. A content analysis and population exposure estimate of Guinness branded alcohol marketing during the 2019 Guinness Six Nations. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 56 (5), pp. 617-620. https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agab039
Response to Houghton’s letter: ‘Minimizing assessments of alcohol advertising in the Six Nations Rugby Championship’.
Barker, A., Bal, J. and Murray, R.L. 2021. Response to Houghton’s letter: ‘Minimizing assessments of alcohol advertising in the Six Nations Rugby Championship’. Alcohol and Alcoholism. 56 (5). https://doi.org/10.1093/alcalc/agab053
Quantifying alcohol audio-visual content in UK broadcasts of the 2018 Formula 1 Championship: a content analysis and population exposure.
Barker, A., Opazo Breton, M., Thomson, E., Britton, J., Grant-Braham, B and Murray, R.L 2020. Quantifying alcohol audio-visual content in UK broadcasts of the 2018 Formula 1 Championship: a content analysis and population exposure. BMJ Open. 10 (8), pp. 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037035
Tobacco and tobacco branding in films most popular in the UK from 2009 to 2017
Barker, A., Cranwell, J., Fitzpatrick, I., Whittamore, K., Allayed, K., Hardy, A., Murray, R.L and Britton, J. 2020. Tobacco and tobacco branding in films most popular in the UK from 2009 to 2017. Thorax. 75, pp. 1103-1108. https://doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2020-214743
Tobacco and alcohol content in soap operas broadcast on UK television: a content analysis and population exposure
Alexander B Barker, John Britton, Emily Thomson, Rachael L Murray and Barker, A. 2020. Tobacco and alcohol content in soap operas broadcast on UK television: a content analysis and population exposure. Journal of Public Health. 43 (3), pp. 595-603. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaa091
Quantifying tobacco and alcohol imagery in Netflix and Amazon Prime instant video original programming accessed from the UK: a content analysis.
Barker, A., Smith, J., Hunter, A., Britton, J. and Murray, R. 2019. Quantifying tobacco and alcohol imagery in Netflix and Amazon Prime instant video original programming accessed from the UK: a content analysis. BMJ Open. 9, pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025807
Experience of identity change in people who reported a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
Barker, A., Smale, K., Hunt, N., Lincoln, N.B. and das Nair, R 2019. Experience of identity change in people who reported a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. International Journal of MS Care. 21 (5), pp. 235-242. https://doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2018-069
Exposure to ‘smokescreen’ marketing during the 2018 Formula 1 Championship.
Barker, A., Opazo Breton, M., Murray, R.L, Grant-Braham, B and Britton, J. 2019. Exposure to ‘smokescreen’ marketing during the 2018 Formula 1 Championship. Tobacco Control. 28, pp. e154-e155. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055025
Corrigendum: A content analysis of tobacco and alcohol audio-visual content in a sample of UK reality TV programmes
Alexander B Barker, John Britton, Emily Thomson, Abby Hunter, Magdalena Opazo Breton, Rachael L Murray and Barker, A. 2019. Corrigendum: A content analysis of tobacco and alcohol audio-visual content in a sample of UK reality TV programmes. Journal of Public Health. 42 (3), pp. 561-569. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdz088
Alcohol audio-visual content in Formula 1 television broadcasting
Barker, A., Britton, J., Grant-Braham, B. and Murray, R.L. 2018. Alcohol audio-visual content in Formula 1 television broadcasting. BMC Public Health. 18, p. 1155. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6068-3
Social Identity in People with Multiple Sclerosis: An Examination of Family Identity and Mood
Barker, A., Lincoln, N.B., Hunt, N. and das Nair, R. 2018. Social Identity in People with Multiple Sclerosis: An Examination of Family Identity and Mood. International journal of MS Care. 20 (2), pp. 85-91. https://doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2016-074
A systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the effectiveness of alternative listening devices to conventional hearing aids in adults with hearing loss.
Maidment, D., Barker, A., Xia, J. and Ferguson, M. 2018. A systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the effectiveness of alternative listening devices to conventional hearing aids in adults with hearing loss. International Journal of Audiology. 57 (10), pp. 721-729. https://doi.org/10.1080/14992027.2018.1493546
Population exposure to smoking and tobacco branding in the UK reality show ‘Love Island’
Alexander B Barker, Magdalena Opazo Breton, Joanne Cranwell, John Britton, Rachael L Murray and Barker, A. 2018. Population exposure to smoking and tobacco branding in the UK reality show ‘Love Island’. Tobacco Control. 27 (6), pp. 709-711. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2017-054125
Content analysis of tobacco content in UK television
Barker, A., Whittamore, K., Britton, J. and Cranwell, J. 2018. Content analysis of tobacco content in UK television. Tobacco Control . 28 (4), pp. 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054427
A content analysis of alcohol content in UK television
Barker, A., Whittamore, K., Britton, J., Murray, R.L. and Cranwell, J. 2018. A content analysis of alcohol content in UK television. Journal of public Health. 41 (3), pp. 462-469. https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdy142
Coping together with hearing loss: a qualitative meta-synthesis of the psychosocial experiences of people with hearing loss and their communication partners
Barker, A., Leighton, P. and Ferguson, M. 2017. Coping together with hearing loss: a qualitative meta-synthesis of the psychosocial experiences of people with hearing loss and their communication partners. International Journal of Audiology. 56 (5), pp. 297-305. https://doi.org/10.1080/14992027.2017.1286695
Social identity in people with multiple sclerosis: a social identity approach to the role of the family in identity reconstruction
Barker, A. 2016. Social identity in people with multiple sclerosis: a social identity approach to the role of the family in identity reconstruction. PhD Thesis
Recovery is no laughing matter - or is it?
Barker, A. 2016. Recovery is no laughing matter - or is it? Mental Health and Social Inclusion. 20 (3), pp. 167-173. https://doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-02-2016-0006
Effectiveness of alternative listening devices to conventional hearing aids for adults with hearing loss: a systematic review protocol
Maidment, D., Barker, A., Xia, J. and Ferguson, M. 2016. Effectiveness of alternative listening devices to conventional hearing aids for adults with hearing loss: a systematic review protocol. BMJ Open. 6, pp. 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011683
Comparing individual and group intervention for psychological adjustment in people with multiple sclerosis: a feasibility randomised controlled trial
das Nair, R., Kontou, E., Smale, K., Barker, A. and Lincoln, N.B. 2016. Comparing individual and group intervention for psychological adjustment in people with multiple sclerosis: a feasibility randomised controlled trial. Clinical Rehabilitation. 30 (12), pp. 1156-1164. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269215515616446
Changes to identity following a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: A narrative analysis
Barker, A. 2014. Changes to identity following a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: A narrative analysis. PsyPag 2014. Kent 09 - 11 Sep 2014 https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3173035.v1
Social identity in people with multiple sclerosis: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research
Barker, A. 2014. Social identity in people with multiple sclerosis: A meta-synthesis of qualitative research. Social Care and Neurodisability. 5 (4), pp. 256-267. https://doi.org/10.1108/scn-05-2014-0009