Development of the external and internal shame scale: Japanese version

Journal article


Hiramatsu, Yoichi, Asano, Kenichi, Kotera, Y., Endo, Ayumu, Shimizu, Eiji and Matos, Marcela 2021. Development of the external and internal shame scale: Japanese version. BMC Research Notes. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-021-05698-2
AuthorsHiramatsu, Yoichi, Asano, Kenichi, Kotera, Y., Endo, Ayumu, Shimizu, Eiji and Matos, Marcela
Abstract

Shame contains external and internal aspects. However, a Japanese language scale for simultaneously assessing both aspects of shame has not been developed to date. This study aimed to standardize the Japanese version of the External and Internal Shame Scale (EISS-J). An online survey was conducted among university students (N = 203) at six universities in Japan (Study 1). A retest questionnaire was sent to the participants by email three weeks after the first survey (Study 2). Study 1 examined the internal consistency, factor structure, and criterion-related validity of the EISS-J, while Study 2 examined its test-retest reliability. Moreover, an additional study was conducted to examine the criterion-related validity of the scale. Study 1 demonstrated the high internal consistency of the EISS-J. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis indicated a two-factor model: external and internal shame. However, exploratory factor analysis indicated a three-factor structure. Study 2 confirmed the test-retest reliability of the scale. Furthermore, both studies indicated correlations between the EISS-J and fear of compassion, anger, humiliation, depression, anxiety, and stress. In addition, the study established the criterion-related validity of the scale. These results confirmed adequate reliability and validity of the EISS-J.

Keywordsshame; scale; Japan
Year2021
JournalBMC Research Notes
PublisherSpringer
ISSN1756-0500
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-021-05698-2
Web address (URL)http://hdl.handle.net/10545/625920
hdl:10545/625920
Publication dates03 Aug 2021
Publication process dates
Deposited09 Aug 2021, 15:09
Accepted14 Jul 2021
ContributorsChiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan, The Japanese Centre for Compassionate Mind Research and Training, Tokyo, Japan, Komachi Clinical Psychology Office, Japan, Mejiro University, Japan, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan, University of Derby, Komazawa University, Japan and University of Coimbra, Portugal
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