Event-related potentials support a dual process account of the Embedded Chinese Character Task

Journal article


Stupple, E. 2018. Event-related potentials support a dual process account of the Embedded Chinese Character Task. Neuropsychologia. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.10.021
AuthorsStupple, E.
Abstract

Tests of the principles of dual process theory are typically conducted in the reasoning and judgement/decision-making literature. The present study explores dual process explanations with a new paradigm – the Embedded Chinese Character Task (ECCT). The beauty of this task is that it allows the contrast of automatic and deliberate processes without the potential for conflict. We used event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral measures to investigate the time course of automatic (Type 1) and deliberative (Type 2) processes on the ECCT. Thus we explored whether there were differences in processing speed in neural activation. The ECCT requires the extraction of one Chinese character from another, which requires either an automatic strategy reliant on knowledge of Chinese character formation and meaning (based on the radical), or a deliberative strategy using the shape of the components of the character (based on the stroke). Participants judged whether character elements were included or excluded in test characters. Faster response time were observed when judging 'inclusion relations' on automatic problems supporting the proposal that they required a Type 1 process. In line with the behavioral results, the hypothesized faster automatic process showed the rapid differentiation of N2 and P3b components between inclusion and exclusion responses, while no difference was shown for deliberative problems. Thus, neural differences in processing were shown between automatic and deliberate problems, and automatic processing was faster than deliberate processing.

KeywordsDual-process theory; Embedded Chinese Character Task; N2; P3b
Year2018
JournalNeuropsychologia
PublisherElsevier
ISSN0028-3932
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.10.021
Web address (URL)https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0028393218307292?dgcid=rss_sd_all
Output statusPublished
Publication dates29 Oct 2018
Publication process dates
Deposited03 Dec 2018, 15:55
Accepted25 Oct 2018
ContributorsShanghai Normal University, Shanghai Jiaotong University and University of Derby
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