A Review of Toxicological Profile of Fentanyl—A 2024 Update

Journal article

Kermanizadeh, A. and Williamson, J. 2024. A Review of Toxicological Profile of Fentanyl—A 2024 Update. Toxics. 12 (10), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100690
AuthorsKermanizadeh, A. and Williamson, J.
Abstract

Fentanyl and its analogues are synthetic opioids of varying potencies that are unfortunately heavily abused. Over the last 15 years, fentanyl and its analogues have contributed to the increasing prominence of hospitalisation and numerous deaths due to drug overdose. In this comprehensive literature review, the mechanism of toxicity of the drug in humans is evaluated. A systematic approach was used whereby the relevant literature has been detailed where the toxicity of fentanyl and/or its analogues to different organs/systems were investigated. Furthermore, the review covers the post-mortem toxicological data and demographic information from past fatal cases where fentanyl was believed to be involved. Such insight into fentanyl toxicity is useful as an aid to better understand the toxic doses of the drug and the suspected mechanism of action and the unexpected complications associated with overdose incidences involving the drug. Finally, the review offers an overview of the traditional and emerging test systems used to investigate the adverse effects of fentanyl on human health.

Keywordsfentanyl; human health; toxicity; demography; post-mortem quantification
Year2024
JournalToxics
Journal citation12 (10), pp. 1-14
PublisherMPDI
ISSN2305-6304
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12100690
Web address (URL)https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/12/10/690
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Output statusPublished
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Online24 Sep 2024
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Deposited03 Oct 2024
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