The role of the gut microbiome in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes and liver disease

Journal article

Guraka, A., Sreedharan, S., Arasaradnam, R., Tripathi, G. and Kermanizadeh, A. 2025. The role of the gut microbiome in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes and liver disease. Nutrition Reviews. 83 (7), p. e2025–e2047. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae172
AuthorsGuraka, A., Sreedharan, S., Arasaradnam, R., Tripathi, G. and Kermanizadeh, A.
Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and progressive liver disease are 2 of the most significant global health concerns, and they have alarming and ever-increasing prevalence. A growing body of literature has demonstrated a potential multilateral
link between gut microbiome dysbiosis and the development and progression of the above-mentioned conditions. Modulation of gut microbial composition from the norm is due to changes in diet allied with external factors such as age, genetics, and
environmental changes. In this comprehensive review, we recapitulate the research to date investigating the links between gut microbiome dysbiosis and T2DM or liver disease, with special attention to the importance of diet. Additionally, we review the most commonly used tools and methodologies of investigating changes in the gut microbiome, highlighting the advantages and limitations of each strategy, before introducing a novel in vitro approach to the problem. Finally, the review offers recommendations for future research in this field that will allow better understanding
of how the gut microbiota affects disease progression and of the prospects for intestinal microbiota-based therapeutic options.

Keywordsgut microbiome; type 2 diabetes mellites; liver disease; diet; metabolites; in vitro approaches
Year2025
JournalNutrition Reviews
Journal citation83 (7), p. e2025–e2047
PublisherOxford Academic
ISSN 1753-4887
Digital Object Identifier (DOI)https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nuae172
Web address (URL)https://academic.oup.com/nutritionreviews/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/nutrit/nuae172/7914119?redirectedFrom=fulltext
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Online29 Aug 2025
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Deposited04 Aug 2025
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