Development and validation of a short-form Pain Medication Attitudes Questionnaire (PMAQ-14)
Journal article
Elander, James, Said, Omimah, Maratos, Frances A., Dys, Ada, Collins, Hannah and Schofield, M. 2017. Development and validation of a short-form Pain Medication Attitudes Questionnaire (PMAQ-14). Pain. 158 (3), pp. 400-407. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000773
| Authors | Elander, James, Said, Omimah, Maratos, Frances A., Dys, Ada, Collins, Hannah and Schofield, M. |
|---|---|
| Abstract | Attitudes to pain medication are important aspects of adjustment to chronic pain. They are measured by the 47-item Pain Medication Attitudes Questionnaire (PMAQ). To measure those attitudes more quickly and easily, we developed and evaluated a 14-item PMAQ using data from three separate surveys of people with pain in the general population. In survey 1, participants (n=295) completed the 47-item PMAQ and measures of pain, analgesic use, analgesic dependence and attitudes to self-medication. For each of the seven PMAQ scales, the two items that best preserved the content of the parent scales were identified using correlation and regression. The 2-item and parent scales had very similar relationships with other measures, indicating validity had been maintained. The resulting 14-item PMAQ was then completed by participants in survey 2 (n=241) and survey 3 (n=147), along with the same other measures as in survey 1. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the 14-item PMAQ retained the 7-factor structure of the 47-item version, and correlations with other measures showed it retained the validity of the 47-item version. The PMAQ scale Need was the most significant independent predictor of analgesic dependence in each of four separate multiple regression analyses. This short form of the PMAQ allows attitudes to pain medications to be measured in a valid and more efficient way. |
| Keywords | Pain medication; Attitudes; PMAQ |
| Year | 2017 |
| Journal | Pain |
| Journal citation | 158 (3), pp. 400-407 |
| Publisher | International Association for the Study of Pain |
| ISSN | 03043959 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI) | https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000773 |
| Web address (URL) | http://Insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00006396-201703000-00007 |
| http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ | |
| http://hdl.handle.net/10545/621475 | |
| hdl:10545/621475 | |
| Publication dates | 01 Mar 2017 |
| Publication process dates | |
| Deposited | 02 Mar 2017 |
| Accepted | 14 Nov 2016 |
| Rights | Archived with thanks to PAIN |
| Contributors | University of Derby |
| File | |
| File | File Access Level Open |
| File | File Access Level Open |
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Tregidgo, Catherine and Elander, James 2018. The invisible child: sibling experiences of growing up with a brother with severe haemophilia - an interpretative phenomenological analysis. Haemophilia. https://doi.org/10.1111/hae.13659Exceptional Experiences: CEP's 20th Annual Conference (Review)
Schofield, M. 2019. Exceptional Experiences: CEP's 20th Annual Conference (Review).Evaluation of a compassionate mind training intervention with school teachers and support staff
Maratos, Frances, Montague, Jane, Ashra, Hajra, Welford, Mary, Wood, Wendy, Barnes, Christopher, Sheffield, David and Gilbert, Paul 2019. Evaluation of a compassionate mind training intervention with school teachers and support staff. Mindfulness. 10, p. 2245–2258. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-019-01185-9Mental Models or Probabilistic Reasoning or Both
Natasha Beeson, Edward J. N. Stupple, Malcolm B. Schofield, Paul Staples and Stupple, E. 2019. Mental Models or Probabilistic Reasoning or Both. Psihologijske teme. https://doi.org/10.31820/pt.28.1.2An international validation of a clinical tool to assess carers’ quality of life in Huntington’s Disease.
Aubeeluck, Aimee, Stupple, Edward J. N., Schofield, M., Hughes, Alis C., van der Meer, Lucienne, Landwehrmeyer, Bernhard and Ho, Aileen K. 2019. An international validation of a clinical tool to assess carers’ quality of life in Huntington’s Disease. Frontiers in Psychology. 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01658Assessing Domain Specificity in the Measurement of Mathematics Calculation Anxiety
Hunt, Thomas E., Bagdasar, Ovidiu, Sheffield, David and Schofield, M. 2019. Assessing Domain Specificity in the Measurement of Mathematics Calculation Anxiety. Education Research International. 2019, pp. 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7412193Do individuals with Chronic Pain show attentional bias to pain-related information? An early stage systematic review of the eye-tracking evidence.
Gaffiero, D., Elander, James and Maratos, Frances 2019. Do individuals with Chronic Pain show attentional bias to pain-related information? An early stage systematic review of the eye-tracking evidence. Cognitive Psychology Bulletin.Development and validation of the satisfaction with treatment for pain questionnaire (STPQ) among patients with sickle cell disease
Bij, Deepali, Kapadi, Romaana, Schofield, M., Osias, Arlene, Khalid, Nosheen, Kaya, Banu, Telfer, Paul and Elander, James 2019. Development and validation of the satisfaction with treatment for pain questionnaire (STPQ) among patients with sickle cell disease. British Journal of Haematology. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.16015Development of a compassion-based training for cancer (CforC) curriculum for female breast cancer patients in stages I-III and cancer survivors. Origins, rationale and initial observations.
Wahl, Julia, Sheffield, David, Maratos, Frances A. and Archer, Stephanie 2018. Development of a compassion-based training for cancer (CforC) curriculum for female breast cancer patients in stages I-III and cancer survivors. Origins, rationale and initial observations. Mindfulness & Compassion.Evaluation of a measure of sickle cell disease patients’ satisfaction with hospital care: A student researcher’s perspective.
Elander, James 2018. Evaluation of a measure of sickle cell disease patients’ satisfaction with hospital care: A student researcher’s perspective. Health Psychology Update.Evaluation of a web-based self-compassion intervention to reduce student assessment anxiety.
McEwan, Kirsten, Elander, James and Gilbert, Paul 2018. Evaluation of a web-based self-compassion intervention to reduce student assessment anxiety. Interdisciplinary Education and Psychology.The origins of disordered eating and childhood food neophobia: Applying an anxiety perspective.
Maratos, Frances A. and Sharpe, Emma 2018. The origins of disordered eating and childhood food neophobia: Applying an anxiety perspective. in: Woodhead Publishing.Problematic painkiller use in the general population: a multi-national comparison exploring the role of accessibility of painkillers and psychological factors
Said, Omimah 2018. Problematic painkiller use in the general population: a multi-national comparison exploring the role of accessibility of painkillers and psychological factors. PhD Thesis https://doi.org/10.48773/942x2What is acceptance, and how could it affect health outcomes for people receiving renal dialysis?
Stalker, C., Elander, James, Mitchell, Kathryn, Taal, Maarten W., Selby, Nicholas and Stewart, Paul 2018. What is acceptance, and how could it affect health outcomes for people receiving renal dialysis? Health Psychology Update.Forget cancer, let's MOVE: a behaviour change support model for physical activity for young people during and after cancer
Cross, Ainslea, Sheffield, David and Elander, James 2017. Forget cancer, let's MOVE: a behaviour change support model for physical activity for young people during and after cancer. Health Psychology Update.Managing multiple goals during fertility treatment: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Phillips, Elly, Elander, James and Montague, Jane 2013. Managing multiple goals during fertility treatment: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. Journal of Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105312474915An interpretative phenomenological analysis of men’s and women’s coping strategy selection during early IVF treatment
Phillips, Elly, Elander, James and Montague, Jane 2014. An interpretative phenomenological analysis of men’s and women’s coping strategy selection during early IVF treatment. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2014.915391Reflecting the transition from pain management services to chronic pain support group attendance: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Finlay, Katherine A. and Elander, James 2016. Reflecting the transition from pain management services to chronic pain support group attendance: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. British Journal of Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjhp.12194The effects of anxiety on temporal attention for emotive and neutral faces in children
Kelly, Lauren, Maratos, Frances A. and Lipka, Sigrid 2014. The effects of anxiety on temporal attention for emotive and neutral faces in children. Stress and Anxiety Research Society (STAR).Motivational and behavioural models of change: A longitudinal analysis of change among men with chronic haemophilia-related joint pain
Elander, James, Richardson, Cassandra, Morris, John, Robinson, Georgina and Schofield, M. 2017. Motivational and behavioural models of change: A longitudinal analysis of change among men with chronic haemophilia-related joint pain. European Journal of Pain. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1040The physiological and emotional effects of touch: Assessing a hand-massage intervention with high self-critics
Maratos, Frances A., Duarte, Joana, Barnes, Christopher, McEwan, Kirsten, Sheffield, David and Gilbert, Paul 2017. The physiological and emotional effects of touch: Assessing a hand-massage intervention with high self-critics. Psychiatry Research. 250, pp. 221-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2017.01.066An assessment of the relative influence of pain coping, negative thoughts about pain, and pain acceptance on health-related quality of life among people with hemophilia
Elander, James, Robinson, Georgina, Mitchell, Kathryn and Morris, John 2009. An assessment of the relative influence of pain coping, negative thoughts about pain, and pain acceptance on health-related quality of life among people with hemophilia. Pain. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2009.06.004Competence-based training and assessment by portfolio: the health psychology model
Elander, James, Fox, Pauline and Towell, Tony 2007. Competence-based training and assessment by portfolio: the health psychology model. Psychology Learning & Teaching. https://doi.org/10.2304/plat.2007.6.2.73In search of an authorial identity
Elander, James 2015. In search of an authorial identity. The Psychologist.Joy and calm: how an evolutionary functional model of affect regulation informs positive emotions in nature
Richardson, Miles, McEwan, Kirsten, Maratos, Frances A. and Sheffield, David 2016. Joy and calm: how an evolutionary functional model of affect regulation informs positive emotions in nature. Evolutionary Psychological Science. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-016-0065-5Attentional bias towards threatening and neutral facial expressions in high trait anxious children.
Kelly, Lauren, Maratos, Frances A., Lipka, Sigrid and Croker, Steve 2016. Attentional bias towards threatening and neutral facial expressions in high trait anxious children. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology. https://doi.org/10.5127/jep.052915Visual processing speeds in children
Maratos, Frances A. and Croker, Steve 2011. Visual processing speeds in children. Child Development Research. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/450178A review of evidence about behavioural and psychological aspects of chronic joint pain among people with haemophilia
Elander, James 2014. A review of evidence about behavioural and psychological aspects of chronic joint pain among people with haemophilia. Haemophilia. https://doi.org/10.1111/hae.12291Mental representations of the supernatural: A cluster analysis of religiosity, spirituality and paranormal belief
Schofield, M., Baker, Ian S., Staples, Paul and Sheffield, David 2016. Mental representations of the supernatural: A cluster analysis of religiosity, spirituality and paranormal belief. Personality and Individual Differences. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.06.020Recognition of subtle and universal facial expressions in a community-based sample of adults classified with intellectual disability
Owen, S. and Maratos, Frances A. 2016. Recognition of subtle and universal facial expressions in a community-based sample of adults classified with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research. 60 (4), pp. 344-354. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12253Academics’ understandings of the authorial academic writer: a qualitative analysis of authorial identity
Cheung, Kevin Yet Fong, Elander, James, Stupple, Edward J. N. and Flay, Mike 2016. Academics’ understandings of the authorial academic writer: a qualitative analysis of authorial identity. Studies in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2016.1264382Investigating the relationship between consultation length and patient experience: A cross-sectional study in primary care
Elmore, N., Burt, J., Abel, G., Maratos, F.A., Montague, J., Campbell, J. and Roland, M. 2016. Investigating the relationship between consultation length and patient experience: A cross-sectional study in primary care. British Journal of General Practice. 66 (653), pp. 896-903. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp16x687733Do Cardiovascular Responses to Active and Passive Coping Tasks predict Future Blood Pressure over a 10-Month Later?
Yuenyongchaiwat, Kornanong, Baker, Ian S., Maratos, Frances A. and Sheffield, David 2016. Do Cardiovascular Responses to Active and Passive Coping Tasks predict Future Blood Pressure over a 10-Month Later? The Spanish Journal of Psychology. 19. https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2016.5Development of the critical thinking toolkit (CriTT): A measure of student attitudes and beliefs about critical thinking
Stupple, Edward J. N., Maratos, Frances A., Elander, James, Hunt, Thomas E., Cheung, Kevin Yet Fong and Aubeeluck, Aimee 2016. Development of the critical thinking toolkit (CriTT): A measure of student attitudes and beliefs about critical thinking. Thinking Skills and Creativity. 23, pp. 91-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2016.11.007Hemodynamic responses to active and passive coping tasks and the prediction of future blood pressure in Thai participants: A preliminary prospective cohort study
Yuenyongchaiwat, K., Sheffield, D., Baker, I. and Maratos, F. 2015. Hemodynamic responses to active and passive coping tasks and the prediction of future blood pressure in Thai participants: A preliminary prospective cohort study. Japanese Psychological Research. 57 (4), pp. 288-299. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12089When is a face a face? Schematic faces, emotion, attention and the N170
Maratos, F.A., Garner, M., Hogan, A.M. and Karl, A. 2015. When is a face a face? Schematic faces, emotion, attention and the N170. AIMS Neuroscience. 2 (3), pp. 172-182. https://doi.org/10.3934/neuroscience.2015.3.172Development and validation of the student attitudes and beliefs about authorship scale: a psychometrically robust measure of authorial identity
Cheung, Kevin Yet Fong, Stupple, Edward J. N. and Elander, James 2015. Development and validation of the student attitudes and beliefs about authorship scale: a psychometrically robust measure of authorial identity. Studies in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2015.1034673Do therapeutic imagery practices affect physiological and emotional indicators of threat in high self-critics?
Duarte, Joana, McEwan, Kirsten, Barnes, Christopher, Gilbert, Paul and Maratos, Frances A. 2015. Do therapeutic imagery practices affect physiological and emotional indicators of threat in high self-critics? Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12043Effects of a pain self-management intervention combining written and video elements on health-related quality of life among people with different levels of education
Elander, James and Stalker, C. 2015. Effects of a pain self-management intervention combining written and video elements on health-related quality of life among people with different levels of education. Journal of Pain Research. https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S85741Attentional biases towards familiar and unfamiliar foods in children. The role of food neophobia
Maratos, Frances A. and Staples, Paul 2015. Attentional biases towards familiar and unfamiliar foods in children. The role of food neophobia. Appetite. 91, pp. 220-225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2015.04.003A review of “Education in Parapsychology: Student and Instructor Perspectives” by H. J. Irwin
Schofield, M. 2014. A review of “Education in Parapsychology: Student and Instructor Perspectives” by H. J. Irwin.Dissociative tendencies, sensory processing sensitivity and aberrant salience as predictors of anomalous experiences and paranormal attributions.
Irwin, Harvey. J., Schofield, M. and Baker, Ian S. 2014. Dissociative tendencies, sensory processing sensitivity and aberrant salience as predictors of anomalous experiences and paranormal attributions. Journal for the Society of Psychical Research.Facial expressions depicting compassionate and critical emotions: the development and validation of a new emotional face stimulus set
McEwan, Kirsten, Gilbert, Paul, Dandeneau, Stephane, Lipka, Sigrid, Maratos, Frances A., Paterson, Kevin B. and Baldwin, Mark 2014. Facial expressions depicting compassionate and critical emotions: the development and validation of a new emotional face stimulus set. PLos ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088783Emotion based attentional priority for storage in visual short-term memory
Simione, Luca, Calabrese, Lucia, Belardinelli, Marta Olivetti, Marucci, Francesco Saverio, Raffone, Antonino and Maratos, Frances A. 2014. Emotion based attentional priority for storage in visual short-term memory. PLos ONE. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095261In search of critical thinking in psychology: an exploration of student and lecturer understandings in higher education
Duro, Elaine, Elander, James, Maratos, Frances A., Stupple, Edward J. N. and Aubeeluck, Aimee 2013. In search of critical thinking in psychology: an exploration of student and lecturer understandings in higher education. Psychology Learning & Teaching. 12 (3). https://doi.org/10.2304/plat.2013.12.3.275Predictors of painkiller dependence among people with pain in the general population
Elander, James, Duarte, Joana, Maratos, Frances A. and Gilbert, Paul 2013. Predictors of painkiller dependence among people with pain in the general population. Pain Medicine. 15 (4), p. 613–624. https://doi.org/10.1111/pme.12263Early gamma-band activity as a function of threat processing in the extrastriate visual cortex
Maratos, Frances A., Senior, Carl, Mogg, Karin, Bradley, Brendan P. and Rippon, Gina 2012. Early gamma-band activity as a function of threat processing in the extrastriate visual cortex. Cognitive Neuroscience. 3 (1), pp. 62-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/17588928.2011.613989A brief haemophilia pain coping questionnaire
Elander, James and Robinson, Georgina 2008. A brief haemophilia pain coping questionnaire. Haemophilia. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2516.2008.01822.xA qualitative analysis of psychological processes mediating quality of life impairments in chronic daily headache
Tenhunen, K. and Elander, James 2005. A qualitative analysis of psychological processes mediating quality of life impairments in chronic daily headache. Journal of Health Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105305051425Pain management and symptoms of substance dependence among patients with sickle cell disease
Elander, James, Lusher, Joanne, Bevan, David and Telfer, Paul 2003. Pain management and symptoms of substance dependence among patients with sickle cell disease. Social Science and Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(02)00553-1Understanding the causes of problematic pain management in sickle cell disease: evidence that pseudoaddiction plays a more important role than genuine analgesic dependence
Elander, James, Lusher, Joanne, Bevan, David, Telfer, Paul and Burton, Bernice 2004. Understanding the causes of problematic pain management in sickle cell disease: evidence that pseudoaddiction plays a more important role than genuine analgesic dependence. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2003.12.001Complex skills and academic writing: a review of evidence about the types of learning required to meet core assessment criteria
Elander, James, Harrington, Katherine, Norton, Lin, Robinson, Hannah and Reddy, Peter 2006. Complex skills and academic writing: a review of evidence about the types of learning required to meet core assessment criteria. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930500262379Factors affecting hospital staff judgments about sickle cell disease pain
Elander, James, Marczewska, Malgorzata, Amos, Roger, Thomas, Aldine and Tangayi, Sekayi 2006. Factors affecting hospital staff judgments about sickle cell disease pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-005-9042-3Effects of area and family deprivation on risk factors for teenage pregnancy among 13 – 15-year-old girls
Smith, Debbie M. and Elander, James 2006. Effects of area and family deprivation on risk factors for teenage pregnancy among 13 – 15-year-old girls. Psychology, Health & Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548500500429353Student beliefs and attitudes about authorial identity in academic writing
Pittam, Gail, Elander, James, Lusher, Joanne, Fox, Pauline and Payne, Nicola 2009. Student beliefs and attitudes about authorial identity in academic writing. Studies in Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070802528270Development and evaluation of an intervention to improve further education students' understanding of higher education assessment criteria: three studies
Jessen, Anna and Elander, James 2011. Development and evaluation of an intervention to improve further education students' understanding of higher education assessment criteria: three studies. Journal of Further and Higher Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098770903272461New lecturers' beliefs about learning, teaching and assessment in higher education: the role of the PGCLTHE programme
Norton, Lin, Aiyegbayo, Olaojo, Harrington, Katherine, Elander, James and Reddy, Peter 2011. New lecturers' beliefs about learning, teaching and assessment in higher education: the role of the PGCLTHE programme. Innovations in Education and Teaching International. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2010.518426Dyslexia, authorial identity, and approaches to learning and writing: a mixed methods study
Kinder, Julianne and Elander, James 2011. Dyslexia, authorial identity, and approaches to learning and writing: a mixed methods study. British Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.2011.02026.xRandomized trial of a DVD intervention to improve readiness to self-manage joint pain
Elander, James, Robinson, Georgina and Morris, John 2011. Randomized trial of a DVD intervention to improve readiness to self-manage joint pain. Pain. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2011.06.026